Chengyu meaning

程门立雪 (chéng mén lì xuě)

to show deep respect for a teacher

Plain Answer

Source: Song dynasty Neo-Confucian learning anecdote. Treated here as classical story; read it first as a sentence-level judgment.

Core meaning: 程门立雪 means to show deep respect for a teacher: Used to praise sincere respect for teachers, learning, and scholarship, especially when patience and humility are visible.

Practice this meaningRead the story
Label
positive / formal literary
Best objects
learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary
Do not use when
Do not use 程门立雪 for a scene that only shares one surface word with the meaning. If the problem is closer to 不耻下问 or the contrast points toward 夜郎自大, choose that nearby entry instead of stretching this one.

Use: Use 程门立雪 when the learning attitude sentence shows the object, cause, and tone clearly. Avoid: Avoid 程门立雪 when the sentence only sounds related, lacks evidence, or needs a plainer word.

learning attitude他求学的态度很像程门立雪,耐心又恭敬。Ta qiuxue de taidu hen xiang cheng men li xue, naixin you gongjing.His attitude toward study was like 程门立雪: patient and deeply respectful.

Next: Read the examples, then compare 不耻下问 before practicing 程门立雪 in the focused quiz.

Often studied with: 不耻下问, 春风化雨, 温故知新

Read This First

程门立雪 is introduced here through a classical story tradition retold for modern learners; the source label is Song dynasty Neo-Confucian learning anecdote, and the page separates that background from modern sentence choice.

程门立雪 means to show deep respect for a teacher. The important first reading is Used to praise sincere respect for teachers, learning, and scholarship, especially when patience and humility are visible. This is a positive phrase in normal use, so the sentence must show the judgment clearly.

Use 程门立雪 when the object, cause, and tone match examples such as learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary; then compare 不耻下问 and 春风化雨 before writing your own sentence.

Avoid 程门立雪 when the sentence only shares a broad topic, when the tone would be unfair to the person being described, or when a plainer word would be clearer than a chengyu.

Start with this cue: learning attitude plus a visible reason.

Meaning and Translation Notes

Used to praise sincere respect for teachers, learning, and scholarship, especially when patience and humility are visible.

Literal meaning

stand in the snow at Cheng's gate

  • 程门 / Cheng's gate
  • 立 / stand
  • 雪 / snow

English equivalents

  • show deep respect for a teacher near

    Use this when the sentence praises sincere respect for a teacher or learning tradition with visible patience.

  • honor one's teacher with patience plain

    show deep respect for a teacher is usually clearer than a literal snow-at-the-gate translation

  • be reverent toward learning plain

    This is safer when the audience needs the meaning without extra cultural explanation.

How To Use It

Use 程门立雪 when the reader can see why to show deep respect for a teacher is the exact judgment, not just the topic. A strong sentence names the actor, the thing being judged, and the evidence that makes this idiom more precise than an ordinary adjective.

  • Use it when the sentence praises sincere respect for a teacher or learning tradition with visible patience.
  • The tone is respectful, so the surrounding sentence should make the judgment visible.
  • It works in learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary contexts when the boundary is clear.

Common Mistakes

Do not use 程门立雪 for a scene that only shares one surface word with the meaning. If the problem is closer to 不耻下问 or the contrast points toward 夜郎自大, choose that nearby entry instead of stretching this one.

  • Do not use it when the situation is only ordinary politeness, attendance, or fear of authority.
  • Do not choose it only because the English gloss "show deep respect for a teacher" feels close; compare bu-chi-xia-wen first.

Wrong Use Clinic

The most useful check is often the phrase you should reject.

  1. The learner wants to sound more idiomatic but has only a broad topic match for 程门立雪.

    The sentence drops in 程门立雪 without showing the cause, object, or tone that would make the idiom necessary.

    Fix: Rewrite the sentence so the evidence for to show deep respect for a teacher appears before or after the phrase.

    程门立雪 fails in this case because a chengyu is not decoration; it must name the exact judgment the sentence is making.

    Compare bu chi xia wen
  2. The learner wants to say the opposite or a neighboring idea and chooses 程门立雪 because it feels familiar.

    The sentence uses 程门立雪, but the described situation points to a different cause, time point, or social attitude.

    Fix: Compare the sentence with 夜郎自大 and choose the phrase whose boundary explains the situation with less force.

    程门立雪 becomes misleading when the nearby phrase would identify the real problem more cleanly.

    Compare ye lang zi da
  3. The learner has the right meaning area for 程门立雪 but ignores register and emotional force.

    The sentence uses 程门立雪 directly about a person, yet gives no softening context or evidence for such a respectful judgment.

    Fix: Add the observed behavior first, or choose 春风化雨 if the sentence needs a gentler learning path.

    程门立雪 can sound heavier than a short English gloss. The reader needs enough context to see why the tone is fair.

    Compare chun feng hua yu
  4. The learner remembers the origin image of 程门立雪 but applies it to the wrong object.

    The sentence names an image or story detail, but the real object being judged would be better explained by another chengyu.

    Fix: Name the object first. If the object points toward 东施效颦, use that contrast instead.

    程门立雪 should follow the judgment, not the most memorable image. Story memory is useful only when it supports the sentence-level decision.

    Compare dong shi xiao pin

Chengyu Often Studied Together

Use these clusters to build sentence-level judgment instead of memorizing a single gloss.

  1. 程门立雪 with nearby learner choices

    程门立雪 is often studied beside 不耻下问 and 春风化雨 because the words share a theme while asking the learner to judge a different cause, tone, or timing.

    老师先让学生解释程门立雪,再比较不耻下问和春风化雨,这样不会只凭英文近义词选答案。

  2. 程门立雪 with contrast checks

    程门立雪 becomes easier to use when it is contrasted with 温故知新 and 夜郎自大; the contrast forces the writer to decide whether the sentence is praise, warning, correction, or neutral description.

    写作练习里先用程门立雪造句,再换成温故知新,观察判断方向怎样改变。

  3. 程门立雪 in example-building drills

    程门立雪 should be practiced with 不耻下问 and 温故知新 because examples reveal whether the learner is choosing by meaning, tone, or only by a remembered image.

    课堂上先用程门立雪写一个有证据的句子,再换成不耻下问或温故知新说明判断为什么改变。

  4. 程门立雪 in story and source review

    程门立雪 links best with 春风化雨 and 夜郎自大 when the learner is checking whether a source image truly supports a modern sentence.

    复习出处时,不要只背程门立雪的故事,还要比较春风化雨,看哪个成语更能解释现代句子。

Learner Guide

Use these notes when deciding whether this chengyu fits a real sentence.

Use 程门立雪 when the sentence praises sincere respect for a teacher or learning tradition with visible patience. This first test keeps the phrase from spreading across every nearby topic. Before using it, identify the speaker, the object being judged, and the reason a plain word would miss the Chinese nuance.

For English translation, show deep respect for a teacher is usually clearer than a literal snow-at-the-gate translation. Do not choose an English phrase only because it sounds idiomatic. The translation should preserve tone, register, and the situation logic before it tries to sound compact.

The main misuse risk is when the situation is only ordinary politeness, attendance, or fear of authority. That boundary matters because chengyu often share a theme while judging different causes, time points, or social attitudes. A nearby phrase can be familiar and still be wrong.

Before using it in your own sentence, show the teacher or learning tradition, the patience, and why the respect is sincere rather than performative. Then compare the sentence with bu-chi-xia-wen and chun-feng-hua-yu. If one nearby entry explains the situation with less force or more precision, choose that entry instead.

Before using 程门立雪, write the plain English idea first. If the plain sentence already says everything naturally, the chengyu must add a sharper judgment, cultural image, or tone. If it does not add one of those, leave the plain wording alone.

A good 程门立雪 sentence contains an object and evidence. The object is the person, plan, habit, result, or scene being judged. The evidence is the reason the phrase fits. Without both parts, the idiom may look learned but feel empty.

Compare 程门立雪 with 不耻下问 and 夜郎自大 before finalizing a sentence. The goal is not to memorize synonyms; the goal is to reject the wrong phrase for a clear reason. That rejection is what turns recognition into usable knowledge.

When teaching or self-reviewing 程门立雪, ask the learner to mark source, meaning, use case, wrong case, and one example. If any mark is missing, return to the entry section that supplies it rather than guessing from the headword alone.

learning attitude is the first test zone for 程门立雪, but it is not the only possible use. Before using the phrase, name the speaker, the object being judged, and the nearest tested context: learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary, comparison check, context setup, teacher correction. Then choose among show deep respect for a teacher, honor one's teacher with patience, be reverent toward learning as translation candidates and reject at least one candidate out loud. A useful final check is to compare the sentence with bu-chi-xia-wen and chun-feng-hua-yu; if one of those nearby entries explains the situation with less strain, the nearby phrase is the better learner choice.

When 程门立雪 is translated as show deep respect for a teacher, the English should still preserve the phrase's tone. Keep respectful and the learning use area visible when the audience is still learning the idiom. If a short translation hides the warning "Do not use it when the situation is only ordinary politeness, attendance, or fear of authority.", choose a fuller English explanation instead. This matters because the strongest chengyu pages should help readers decide when not to use the most convenient English equivalent.

Example Sentences

Each example labels the situation so you can choose a natural English translation.

learning attitude

他求学的态度很像程门立雪,耐心又恭敬。

Ta qiuxue de taidu hen xiang cheng men li xue, naixin you gongjing.

His attitude toward study was like 程门立雪: patient and deeply respectful.

teacher tribute

纪念老师时,用程门立雪比普通谢谢更庄重。

Jinian laoshi shi, yong cheng men li xue bi putong xiexie geng zhuangzhong.

When honoring a teacher, 程门立雪 is more solemn than an ordinary thank-you.

scope boundary

程门立雪不是叫学生盲从,而是强调尊师重道。

Cheng men li xue bu shi jiao xuesheng mangcong, er shi qiangdiao zunshi zhongdao.

程门立雪 does not tell students to obey blindly; it emphasizes respect for teachers and learning.

usage boundary

只有原因和语气都清楚时,这句话才适合用程门立雪。

zhi you yuan yin he yu qi dou qing chu shi zhe ju hua cai shi he yong cheng men li xue

Only use 程门立雪 when the cause and tone are both clear, not just because the topic feels nearby.

misuse boundary

如果只是普通情况,不要为了显得有文化而硬说程门立雪。

ru guo zhi shi pu tong qing kuang bu yao wei le xian de you wen hua er ying shuo cheng men li xue

If the situation is ordinary, do not force 程门立雪 just to make the sentence sound more cultured.

comparison check

比较近义成语以后,再决定这里是不是应该写程门立雪。

bi jiao jin yi cheng yu yi hou zai jue ding zhe li shi bu shi ying gai xie cheng men li xue

After comparing nearby chengyu, decide whether 程门立雪 is really the phrase the sentence needs.

context setup

这段话先说明对象和原因,所以程门立雪读起来不突兀。

zhe duan hua xian shuo ming dui xiang he yuan yin suo yi cheng men li xue du qi lai bu tu wu

The passage names the object and cause first, so 程门立雪 does not feel abrupt.

teacher correction

老师让学生先解释为什么不用别的词,再用程门立雪造句。

lao shi rang xue sheng xian jie shi wei shen me bu yong bie de ci zai yong cheng men li xue zao ju

The teacher asks students to explain why another phrase would be wrong before writing a sentence with 程门立雪.

Story and Cultural Context

The remembered story tells of students waiting respectfully outside the gate of the scholar Cheng Yi while snow gathered around them. Modern learners usually need the phrase as a decision tool. It tells them when a situation has crossed a specific boundary, not merely which English word looks similar. In the examples here, the phrase is tested against learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary so the reader can see how the meaning changes with use. The safest reading is to keep the image, the tone, and the social situation together. The remembered story tells of students waiting respectfully outside the gate of the scholar Cheng Yi while snow gathered around them. For English speakers, the useful memory is not only the literal image but the decision it makes possible. The examples test learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary so the phrase remains tied to real use instead of becoming a decorative translation label. For this entry, the origin note is only the beginning of the explanation. The useful question is why 程门立雪 survived as a portable judgment rather than as a decorative allusion. The classical story route gives the reader an image, but the modern sentence must still prove its own fit. A learner should ask three things: what concrete object is being judged, what evidence in the sentence supports that judgment, and what tone the phrase adds that a plain English adjective would not add. This is why the page tests 程门立雪 through learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary; each context changes the pressure on the phrase and shows whether the idiom is acting as praise, warning, neutral description, or criticism. The story or usage background also has a translation boundary. 程门立雪 can point toward show deep respect for a teacher, honor one's teacher with patience, be reverent toward learning, but those English choices are not interchangeable. One version may preserve the image, another may sound natural in a classroom answer, and another may be safer in a workplace or essay sentence. The entry therefore treats public references as source cards, not as a paragraph order to imitate. Headword checks, story labels, and English equivalents are separated first; only after that are they rebuilt into the learner path used here: answer, label, examples, wrong-use clinic, comparison, story, and practice. The most common failure is overextension. Because 程门立雪 has a memorable surface, learners may reach for it whenever a topic feels close. The better habit is to compare it with 不耻下问 and 春风化雨 and with 夜郎自大 and 东施效颦 before writing. If the rejected phrase is hard to reject, the sentence probably has not supplied enough evidence. If the rejected phrase is easy to reject, the learner can explain the boundary and use 程门立雪 with confidence. That is the practical purpose of the origin section: it turns cultural memory into a sentence-level decision instead of leaving the reader with a story and no next action.

Learning point: Respect for learning may require patience before one receives instruction.

Open the dedicated story page

Editorial Notes

These notes turn the entry into a decision path, not a loose definition.

First answer before details

程门立雪 should first be read as a decision about to show deep respect for a teacher, not as a collectible story label. The classical story helps memory, but the reader's real task is to decide whether the modern sentence is making a positive judgment with enough evidence. Start with the object being described, then ask what happened, who is being judged, and whether the tone is fair. If those details are missing, the idiom will feel like learned decoration rather than useful Chinese. This first-answer rule also helps teachers and translators: they can explain the phrase quickly before deciding whether a longer story, comparison, or correction block is needed.

Example clinic

The examples for 程门立雪 deliberately cover learning attitude, teacher tribute, scope boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary because a learner needs more than one successful sentence before the phrase becomes usable. Read the Chinese sentence, then explain in plain English why this phrase is more precise than a simple adjective or loose translation. A strong example names the context, shows the evidence, and makes the tone visible. A weak example merely places the chengyu near a related topic. This habit prevents a common error: remembering the literal image but forgetting the social judgment carried by the phrase. When the example feels forced, return to the meaning line and choose a plainer wording.

Comparison boundary

Before using 程门立雪, compare it with 不耻下问 and 春风化雨 and, when possible, with 夜郎自大 and 东施效颦. The comparison is not a synonym game. Nearby chengyu often share effort, caution, wisdom, or evaluation as a topic, while differing in cause, timing, and emotional force. A good learner sentence can explain why the rejected phrase fails. If that explanation is impossible, the chosen idiom is probably too loose. This is also the cleanest internal-link reason: the next page exists because it helps the reader reject a tempting but wrong choice. The comparison should leave a reusable rule, not merely another link to click.

Wrong-use trigger

程门立雪 should be rejected when the sentence lacks an object, hides the reason for the judgment, or uses the idiom only because it sounds literary. The safest correction is to rewrite the sentence in plain English first, then add the chengyu only if it sharpens the meaning. If the tone becomes unfair, choose a gentler nearby phrase. If the source image is memorable but the modern object does not match, use the story only as background and do not force the idiom into the sentence. This wrong-use trigger is what keeps the entry from becoming a long but vague dictionary page.

Source synthesis note

程门立雪 uses public references as checkpoints rather than as a structure to copy. One source may help with the headword, another with a story or image, and another with English translation range. The page then rebuilds those checks into its own learner order: short answer, label, examples, misuse, collocation, guide, story, and practice. This matters because a single-source paraphrase would give readers a familiar-looking article but not a better learning tool. The editorial value here is the decision path: what to use, what not to use, what to compare, and how to test the phrase in a new sentence.

Practice This Decision

Answer a focused quiz question, then come back to the examples and misuse clinic if the near phrase feels tempting.